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工业常用截止阀
上海申弘阀门有限公司
2.工业常用截止阀截止阀
之前介绍截止阀型号含义,现在介绍截止阀是关闭件——阀瓣沿阀座中心线移动的阀门,截止阀在管道上主要作切断用,使用较普遍,直通式截止阀的结构如图2-4所示。用通用工业阀门约有3000余种,可通过号规范、计划控制、采购控制和在用工业阀门管理,统一标准后,可降至800种左右,可大量减少库存储备量,节约占用资金。截止阀的启闭件是塞形的阀瓣,密封面呈平面或锥面,阀瓣沿流体的中心线作直线运动。阀杆的运动形式,有升降杆式(阀杆升降,手轮不升降),也有升降旋转杆式(手轮与阀杆一起旋转升降,螺母设在阀体上)。截止阀只适用于全开和全关,不允许作调节和节流。
(1)截止阀的分类截止阀有多种分类方法。
1)按流通形式分类
流通形式
2)按密封副的结构形式分类
密封副形式
3)按阀杆梯形螺纹的位置分类
阀杆梯形螺纹位置直通式角式直流式三通式上螺纹阀秆下螺纹闷杆
(2)截止阀iyj-性能截止阀主要用于切断或接通管路中的介质,可在短时间内用来调节介质的流量,如果长期用于调节,密封面会被介质冲蚀,密封性能受影响。
1)截止阀的性能。截止阀的性能见表2 -14:表2-14截止闶的性能
2)截止阀结构形式
①流通形式。截止阀各种流通形式结构和性能比较见表2 -15。
上海申弘阀门有限公司主营阀门有:亚博安卓-亚博竞彩网站,电动截止阀截止阀属于强制密封式阀门,所以在阀门关闭时,必须向阀瓣施加压力,以强制密封面不泄漏。当介质由阀瓣下方进入阀六时,操作力所需要克服的阻力,是阀杆和填料的磨擦力与由介质的压力所产生的推力,关阀门的力比开阀门的力大,所以阀杆的直径要大,否则会发生阀杆顶弯的故障。近年来,从自密封的阀门出现后,截止阀的介质流向就改由阀瓣上方进入阀腔,这时在介质压力作用下,关阀门的力小,而开阀门的力大,阀杆的直径可以相应地减少。同时,在介质作用下,这种形式的阀门也较严密。我国阀门“三化给”曾规定,截止阀的流向,一律采用自上而下。
截止阀开启时,阀瓣的开启高度,为公称直径的25%~30%时,流量已达到zui大,表示阀门已达全开位置。所以截止阀的全开位置,应由阀瓣的行程来决定。
标准编号 | 标准中文名称 | 标准英文名称 |
dl/t531-1994(2005复审) | 电站高温高压截止阀、闸阀技术条件 | |
gb/t11689-1989 | 船用法兰铸钢截止阀(四进位) | marine cast steel flanged stop valves |
gb/t12235-1989 | 通用阀门法兰连接钢制截止阀和升降式止回阀 | general purpose industrial valves—flanged steel globe valves and lift check valves |
gb/t12233-1989 | 通用阀门铁制截止阀与升降式止回阀 | general purpose industrial valves—casting iron globe valves and lift check valves |
gb/t1951-1984 | 船用低压外螺纹青铜截止阀 | marine low pressure bronze male threaded stop valves |
gb/t2499-1993 | 船用法兰铸铁双排截止阀箱 | marine cast iron flange dual-row stop valves-case |
gb/t590-1993 | 船用法兰铸铁截止阀 | marine cast iron flanged stop valves |
gb/t594-1983 | 船用外螺纹锻钢截止阀 | marine forged steel male thread stop valves |
gb/t584-1999 | 船用法兰铸钢截止阀 | marine cast steel flanged stop valves |
gb/t595-1983 | 船用外螺纹青铜截止阀 | marine bronze male thread stop valves |
gb/t587-1993 | 船用法兰青铜截止阀 | marine bronze flanged stop valves |
jb/t7245-1994 | 制冷装置用截止阀 | |
jb/t7747-1995 | 针形截止阀 | |
jb/t9081-1999 | 空气分离设备用低温截止阀和节流阀技术条件 | |
jb/t53165-1999 | 高压平衡截止阀 产品质量分等 | |
jb/t53174-1999 | 截止阀产品质量分等 | |
jb/t53155-1999 | 空气分离设备用低温截止阀和节流阀 产品质量分等 | |
jb/t8859-2004 | 截止阀静压寿命试验规程 | |
hg/t3215-1986 | 聚三氟氯乙烯塑料衬里截止阀 | |
nf e29-350-2003 | 工业用阀.钢制球阀、球状截止阀和止回阀 | (industrial valves - steel globe and globe stop and check valves.) |
nf p43-001-2000 | 建筑物用阀门.建筑物中供应引用水用铜合金截止阀.试验和要求 | (building valves - copper alloy stopvalves for potable water supply in buildings - tests and requirements.) |
nf d36-380-2001 | 燃气燃烧器和燃气用具用自动截止阀的阀门检验系统 | (valve proving systems for automatic shut-off valves for gas burners and gas appliances.) |
nf a84-621-2002 | 气焊设备.焊接、切割和相关工艺用带截止阀的速动连接 | (gas welding equipment - quick-action coupling with shut-off valves for welding, cutting and allied processes.) |
nf m88-771-1975 | 液化烃容器装置.手动截止阀.制造.功能.试验 | (liquefied hydrocarbon installations in containers. manually controlled stop valve. construction. operation. tests.) |
nf p43-002-1981 | 建筑物水管阀门.水表截止阀.一般技术规范 | (valves and taps for water supply in buildings. stop valves for meter. general technical specifications.) |
bs en 13709-2003 | 工业用阀.钢制球阀、球状截止阀和止回阀 | (industrial valves - steel globe and globe stop and check valves) |
bs 1552-1995 | 一类、二类和三类燃气用手动截止阀规范 | (specification for open bottomed taper plug valves for 1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases up to 200 mbar) |
bs 7461-1991 | 带有流量调节器、闭路开关指示、闭合位置指示器开关或气流量控制的电动自动气体截止阀规范 | (specification for electrically operated automatic gas shut-off valves fitted with throughput adjusters, proof of closure switches, closed position indicator switches or gas flow control) |
bs 1010-2-1973 | 给排水设施用排放旋塞和截止(旋压式)阀规范.第2部分:排放旋塞和地面上用截止阀 | (specification for draw-off taps and stopvalves for water services (screw-down pattern) - draw-off taps and above-ground stopvalves) |
bs 1873-1975 | 石油、石油化学及有关工业用钢球形阀、球形截止阀与单向阀(有法兰及对接焊端)规范 | (specification for steel globe and globe stop and check valves (flanged and butt-welding ends) for the petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries) |
bs 3457-1973 | 水与截止阀座垫圈材料规范 | (specification for materials for water tap and stopvalve seat washers) |
din 4817-1-1981 | 液态气的截止阀.概念.安全技术要求.检验.标志 | (shut off valves for liquefied gases; definitions, requirement, testing, marking) |
din 86251-1998 | 造船用铸铁制带法兰的dn15至500的截止阀 | (shutt off valves for shipboard use, of cast iron, with flanges, dn 15 to 500) |
din 86260-1998 | 造船用炮铜制带法兰dn15至500的截止阀 | (shutt off valves for shipboard use, of gun metall, with flanges, dn 15 to 500) |
din 85003-4-1997 | 造船用管件的交货技术条件.第4部分:气动截止阀 | (technical specifications for valves for shipboard use - part 4: stop valves) |
din 85003-6-1997 | 造船用管件的交货技术条件.第6部分:手动截止阀 | (technical specifications for valves for shipboard use -part 6: hand operated gate valves) |
din 3399-1986 | 低压截止阀.安全技术要求和检验 | (gas low-pressure cut-off valves; safety requirements, testing) |
din 3160-1974 | 公称压力25的冷却剂循环直通截止阀 | (through-valves for refrigerant circuits, nominal pressure 25 bar) |
din 3161-1974 | 公称压力25的冷却剂循环角形截止阀 | (elbow valves for refrigerant circuits; nominal pressure 25 bar) |
din 4056-1992 | 水管.街道地下截止阀门的路盖.dvgw技术规范 | (water pipelines; valve boxes for stop valves; dvgw code of practice) |
din en 1643-2001 | 燃气燃烧器和燃气用具用自动截止阀的阀门检验系统 | (valve proving systems for automatic shut-off valves for gas burners and gas appliances; german version en 1643:2000) |
din 86500-1968 | 船用螺纹连接的截止阀和闸阀等概述 | (valves and gate valves with screwed connections; survey of types for shipbuilding) |
din 86254-2000 | 船只及造船技术.超轻型截止阀dn32-dn125(pn10) | (ships and marine technology - shut off valves extra light duty dn 32 to dn 125, pn 10) |
din en 13709-2003 | 工业用阀.钢制球阀、球状截止阀和止回阀 | (industrial valves - steel globe and globe stop and check valves; german version en 13709:2002) |
din en 1213-1999 | 建筑阀门.建筑物中饮用水供应用铜合金截止阀试验和要求 | (building valves - copper alloy stopvalves for potable water supply in buildings - tests and requirements; german version en 1213:1999) |
din 86266-2002 | 船舶和航海技术.用手夹紧和法兰连接的超轻型法兰的截止阀 | (ships and marine technology - butterfly valves for flanges extra light duty wafer type and flanged type - dn 50 to dn 125, pn 10) |
gb/t1856-1993 | 船用法兰铸铁单排排出截止阀箱 | marine flanged cast iron single arrangement exhaust stop box valve |
gb/t1854-1993 | 船用法兰铸铁单排吸入截止阀箱 | marine flanged cast iron single arrangement suction stop box valve |
jis b8605-2002 | 致冷装置的截止阀 | (stop valves for refrigerants) |
jis f7379-1996 | 造船.卡套式30k黄铜截止阀 | (shipbuilding -- brass 30k stop valves with bite joint(s)) |
工业常用截止阀标准
jis e4103-1988 | 铁路车辆用截止阀 | (cut-out cocks for railway rolling stock) |
jis e4114-1989 | 铁路车辆用青铜截止阀 | (bronze stop valves for railway rolling stock) |
qb/t3880-1999 | 卫生洁具、暖气直角式截止阀技术条件 | technical requirements for sanitariness ware and heating angle valve |
qb/t3881-1999 | 卫生洁具、暖气直角式截止阀型式和尺寸 | shapes and dimensions of sanitariness ware and heating angle valve |
jb/t10530-2005 | 氧气用截止阀 |
截止阀具有以下优点:
结构简单,制造和维修比较方便。
工作行程小,启闭时间短。
密封性好,密封面间磨擦力小,寿命较长。
截止阀的缺点如下:
流体阻力大,开启和关闭时所需力较大。
不适用于带颗粒、粘度较大、易结焦的介质。
调节性能较差。
截止阀的种类按阀杆螺纹的位置分有外螺纹式、内螺纹式。按介质的流向分,有直通式、直流式和角式。截止阀按密封形式分,有填料密封截止阀和波纹管密封截止阀。
③阀杆。截止阀阀杆一般都做升降运动,手轮固定在阀杆的上端部,当顺时针转动手轮时阀杆带动阀瓣向下运动关闭阀门。
根据阀杆梯形螺纹位置的不同可分为上螺纹阀杆和下螺纹阀杆,上螺纹阀杆的梯形螺纹位于阀杆的上半部,下螺纹阀杆的梯形螺纹位于阀杆的下半部,两者的性能比较见表2 -17。
表2 -17上螺纹阀杆与下螺纹阀杆性能比较
截止阀的安装与维护应注意以下事项:
手轮、手柄操作的截止阀可安装在管道的任何位置上。
手轮、手柄及伟动机构,不允许作起吊用。
介质的流向应与阀体所示箭头方向一致。与本文相关的产品有角式平衡型截止阀设计说明